Utility-Based Agent

asked by MU in

Nov-2019 & Apr-2019

examination

The agents which are developed having their end users as building blocks are called utility-based agents.
When there are multiple possible alternatives, then to decide which one is best, utility-based agents are used.
They choose actions based on performance (utility) for each state.
These agents are similar to goal-based agents but provide an extra component of utility measurement which makes them different by providing a measure of success at a given state.
Utility-based agents act based not only on goals but also the best way to achieve the goal.
The utility function maps each state to a real number to check how efficiently each action achieves the goal.
Agent's happiness should be taken into consideration. Utility describes how "happy" the agent is.

Comments

States, Initial state, Successor function, Action, Goal test, and Path cost to formulate 8-Queens problem.

asked by MU in Nov-2019 examination The 8-Queens problem can be defined as follows : Place 8 queens on a (8 by 8) chess board such that none of the queen attack any of other. States: Any arrangement of 0 to 8 queens on the board. Initial State: No queen on the board. Successor Function: Add a queen to an empty field on the board. Action: Placing a queen on the board. Goal Test: 8 queens on the board such that no queen attack another. Path Cost: 0 (We are only interested in solution). Theory: This problem can be solved by searching for a solution. This formulation as a search problem can be improved when we realize that, in any solution, there must be exactly one queen in each of the column. Thus, the possible action can be restricted to placing a queen in the next column that does not yet contain a queen. This reduces the branching factor from (initially) 64 to 8. Furthermost, we need to consider only those rows in the next column that are not already attacked by a queen that was pre

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